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Leadership : research findings, practice, and skills. Leadership Research Findings, Practice, and Skills. Leadership : Research Findings, Practice and Skills.
All rights reserved. Please sign in to WorldCat Don't have an account? Remember me on this computer. Cancel Forgot your password? Year 7 5 6 5 7 Show more Language « All Languages English. Displaying Editions 1 - 10 out of A key point in the model is that leadership is a multilevel phenomenon. The leader interacts with group members one at a time, and also with the group. At the same time, leadership takes place in the context of the organization and the external environment.
Two implications of the model are that a context influences leadership at any given moment, and b leadership; is a process with intrapersonal and interpersonal mechanisms or modes of transmissions. Developing leadership skills is more complex than developing a structured skill, yet these skills can be developed by following a general learning model: 1.
Conceptual knowledge and behavioral guidelines. Conceptual information demonstrated by examples and brief descriptions of leaders in action. Experiential exercises. Cases, role plays, and self-assessment quizzes are included here. Feedback on skill utilization, or performance, from others. Implementing some of the skills outside the classroom will provide opportunities for feedback.
Practice in natural settings. Leaders are also followers and followers also exhibit leadership. Types of Followers Followers differ substantially in talent and motivation. Isolates are completely detached, and support the status quo. Bystanders are free-riders who are frequently detached.
Participants show enough engagement to invest some of their own time and money to make a difference. Activists are considerably engaged, and eager to demonstrate their support or opposition.
Diehards are super-engaged, and willing to go down for their cause, or oust a leader they believe is headed in the wrong direction.
Essential Qualities of Effective Followers Certain effective group member characteristics facilitate followership: 1 self-management or thinking for oneself, and working well without close supervision; 2 commitment to something beyond oneself; 3 building competence and focusing direct effort for maximum impact; and 4 the courage to think independently, and to fight for what one believes is right.
Another way of framing the qualities of effective followers is that they display the personal characteristics and qualities of effective leaders. Collaboration between Leaders and Followers A key role for followers is to collaborate with leaders in achieving organization goals. Bennis says that the post-bureaucratic organization requires a new kind of alliance between leaders and the led.
The new leader and the led are close allies. The approach recommended here for applying leadership information is to choose the formulation that seems to best fit the leadership situation at hand. For example, a leader might need to combine creative problem solving and emotional support to members to help the team rebound from a crisis. The student reflects on a series of attitudes and behaviors that are part of the leadership role.
As will most of the questionnaires in this text, the specific statements and questions are helpful in understanding what leaders do. Like most of the instruments in the text, the Readiness for the Leadership Role quiz is intended for self- reflection and possibly for research.
Although the present exercise might be considered self-assessment it involves skill development because the student is urges to acquire knowledge and skills that will allow for development in at least several of the roles. We suspect that students who take a course in leadership with the intent of develop their leadership skills will find this activity valuable.
Journal writing has a long history as a method of capitalizing on personal experiences. A key feature of this journal is that it documents leadership accomplishments and attempts.
A subtle feature of the audit is that it might sensitize students to look for opportunities to exert leadership. Why is being perceived as having leadership qualities considered a compliment by most people? The popular conception of leadership qualities include initiative taking, inspiring others, being in control, and helping other solve problems. Give an example of how you have exerted leadership on or off the job in a situation in which you did not have a formal leadership position.
Explain why you describe your activity as leadership. Relevant examples here center on taking the initiative to accomplish something important, and involving others in the activity.
Examples include starting an employee network group, a recycling campaign, an employee or student study group, or organizing a field trip. Both the initiative aspect and influencing others indicate the exercise of leadership.
What would a boss of yours have to do to demonstrate that he or she is an effective leader and an effective manager? To demonstrate effectiveness as a leader and manager, the boss should engage in such activities as inspiring group members, creating a useful vision, bringing about constructive change, and maintaining a well-organized department. In addition, many people believe that their leader is effective when he or she helps them with a personal problem such as getting time off to deal with a major personal problem.
Identify a business or sports leader who you think is highly effective. Present your observations to the class. Leaders are usually classified as effective on the basis of the results they achieve. Students will therefore probably choose leaders with highly visible accomplishments. Because of her visibility beyond her company, many students will nominate Sheryl Sandberg of Facebook.
Jeff Bezos of Amazon. How can you explain this finding? Among these characteristics are extroversion, enthusiasm, drive, and a willingness to assume responsibility. Top-level leaders of major business corporations receive some of the highest compensation packages in the workforce. Why are business leaders paid so much? One reason for the higher pay of leaders is that their work affects so many people, thus giving their job greater scope.
Another factor is that leadership is a rare talent, and takes longer to develop than technical skill. For example, a talented teenager may learn how to install a website in several days but could not learn how to be a top-level corporate leader in such a short time period. Many critics think top executives are vastly overpaid in comparison to lower-ranking workers who also make an important contribution to corporate performance.
If so much useful information is available about leadership, why do we still find so many managers who cannot gain the respect of their subordinates? One reason why many managers do not get the respect of subordinates despite the abundance of information about leadership is those managers do not study the information and apply it to themselves.
An analogy is that many people read about the dangers of an unhealthy diet, but persist in eating unhealthy food. Another problem is that many instances of poor management can be attributed to personality factors, and reading about good management is only a start in changing a negative personality factor.
For example, a manager who is hostile and sarcastic will need to work hard on overcoming this trait after reading about its negative impact on interaction with subordinates.
Considering that so many people of all ages do much of their communicating with text messages, what would be wrong with leaders communicating with group members mostly through texting?
Texting may be acceptable for many communication episodes between leaders and subordinates, but true organizational leadership requires some face-to-face interaction. People are much more likely to be inspired or feel emotionally supported by human presence that by a cryptic text message. Another concern is that even though texting has become a dominant form of interpersonal communication, people, caring for the welfare of others a key leadership responsibility is better done in person.
Giving complex instructions is also done better in person because it allows for immediate questioning and answering. A year-old manager of a branch of a fast-food restaurant was told by her boss that she was not an effective leader. A bigger flaw in her logic is that she believes that only after receiving high pay should a person begin to perform well. In most organizations, after performing well, one receives high pay. In what way might being an effective follower help prepare a person for becoming an effective leader?
Such qualities are essential for being an effective leader. For example, a leader must practice self-management and commitment, be competent and focused, and display courage. Which roles does Musk appear to occupy as a leader of his companies? Musk clearly occupies the enntrepreneur and technical problem-solver roles because he was instrumental in founding his several businesses and is involed involved in the technical details of the products his company develops.
What would you perceive to be a key advantage, and a key disadvantage of reporting directly to Musk? A major advantage of reporting directly to Musk is that the person would have the opportunity to work directly for one of the most innovative leaders in business history. As a result, the direct report might receive some inspirational ideas. A key disadvantage of reporting directly to Musk is that the person might have to put up with verbal abuse and intimidation, particularly if he or she made a serious error.
Another disadvantage is that the person might be overshadowed by Musk, and therefore not feel confident in his or her role. What is your overall evaluation of Elon Musk as both a business leader and a leader in society? Many students will have high regard for Musk because of the impact he has on society now, and an impact that may grow with space travel.
PayPal alone might be considered a major contribution to society. However, some students will feel that no matter what a great entrepreneur a leader might be, he should still treat all employees with dignity and respect. What factors might Musk have, similar to the late Steve Jobs, going for him as a leader that people will put up with his blunt approach to people?
Musk offers followers, as well as other work associates, the opportunity to work with a creative genius. Conflict resolution will be studied in Chapter 12, but the role players will already have some ideas about resolving conflict.
A key observation point is whether the Musk role player can keep his composure while dealing with the dissenter. This case was purposely chosen to appear in Chapter 1 because the case illustrates a major there in leadership—how much responsibility to share with subordinates. To what extent has Julia chosen the right approach to leading the managers in her unit of the financial services firm? Only one of the four subordinates said that Julia was providing the right type and style of leadership.
What advice can you offer Julia to be a more effective leader?
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